Yale and the College of William & Mary. Benjamin Franklin Biography (1706-1790) Comment; Benjamin Franklin is best known as one of the Founding Fathers who never served as president but was a respected inventor, publisher, scientist . Biography: Benjamin Franklin was one of the most important and influential Founding Fathers of the United States of America. As one of the founding fathers of the United States, he had the respect of the most [148], In pursuit of more pragmatic uses for electricity, remarking in spring 1749 that he felt "chagrin'd a little" that his experiments had heretofore resulted in "Nothing in this Way of Use to Mankind," Franklin planned a practical demonstration. When finally released in a prisoner exchange in 1778, he moved to New York City, which was occupied by the British at the time. And a number of the fictitious characters, Ridentius, Eugenius, Cato, and Cretico, represent traditional 18th-century classicism. Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2010 im Fachbereich Ethik, Note: 2,3, Helmut-Schmidt-Universität - Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Was bitte schön soll Benjamin Franklin, einer der Gründerväter der ... On July 5, 1787, delegates to the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, agreed to terms on the Great Compromise. [124] He negotiated a treaty that was signed in April 1783. Following this, he returned to Philadelphia in 1726 with the help of Thomas Denham, a merchant who employed Franklin as clerk, shopkeeper, and bookkeeper in his business. He tried to influence American moral life through the construction of a printing network based on a chain of partnerships from the Carolinas to New England. In short, as this new Benjamin Franklin biography makes clear, he was a Renaissance Man, or the phrase loses meaning. Benjamin Franklin Biography for Kids Ben Franklin was born in Boston, Massachusetts on January 17, 1706. As a representative from the Philadelphia Assembly, he attended the Second Continental Congress. "[121] In 1781, he was elected a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. The college was to become influential in guiding the founding documents of the United States: in the Continental Congress, for example, over one-third of the college-affiliated men who contributed the Declaration of Independence between September 4, 1774, and July 4, 1776, was affiliated with the college. Franklin writes, "... A certain quantity of heat will make some bodies good conductors, that will not otherwise conduct ..." and again, "... And water, though naturally a good conductor, will not conduct well when frozen into ice. Trouvé à l'intérieur – Page 15054198 * Mémoires de BENJAMIN FRANKLIN , écrits par lui - même ; traduits de l'anglais et annotés , par EDOUARD ( -RENĖ LEFEBVRE ) LABOULAYE . - Paris , L. Hachette , 1866 , gr . in - 18 . ( Voir BIOGRAPHIE . ) ... [97], Franklin spent two months in German lands in 1766, but his connections to the country stretched across a lifetime. [99], One line of argument in Parliament was that Americans should pay a share of the costs of the French and Indian War and therefore taxes should be levied on them. They took in Franklin's recently acknowledged young illegitimate son and raised him in their household. "[197] Franklin's first pen name, Silence Dogood, paid homage both to the book and to a widely known sermon by Mather. Although "his parents talked of the church as a career"[18] for Franklin, his schooling ended when he was ten. In 1759, he visited Edinburgh with his son and later reported that he considered his six weeks in Scotland "six weeks of the densest happiness I have met with in any part of my life". "[114], In December 1776, Franklin was dispatched to France as commissioner for the United States. [189] However, as reported in 1836 by Prof. A. D. Bache of the University of Pennsylvania, the law of the effect of heat on the conduction of bodies otherwise non-conductors, for example, glass, could be attributed to Franklin. James taught Benjamin to be a printer by trade. Among his many creations were the lightning rod, Franklin stove, bifocal glasses and the flexible urinary catheter. "[188], According to Michael Faraday, Franklin's experiments on the non-conduction of ice are worth mentioning, although the law of the general effect of liquefaction on electrolytes is not attributed to Franklin. 5. "[216] Franklin's rejection of dogma and doctrine and his stress on the God of ethics and morality and civic virtue made him the "prophet of tolerance. In a sweeping narrative that follows Franklin's life from Boston to Philadelphia to London and Paris and back, Walter Isaacson chronicles the adventures of the runaway apprentice who became, over the course of his eighty-four-year . Benjamin Franklin Biography. He deduced that storms do not always travel in the direction of the prevailing wind, a concept that greatly influenced meteorology. Among those are honorary Master of Arts degrees from Harvard, From 1940 to 1990, the money was used mostly for mortgage loans. "I fetched out a cruet of oil and dropt a little of it on the water ... though not more than a teaspoon full, produced an instant calm over a space of several yards square." [251], Franklin's "Second Reply to Vindex Patriae", a 1766 letter advocating self-sufficiency and less dependence on England, lists various examples of the bounty of American agricultural products, and does not mention meat. Van Horne, John C. "The History and Collections of the Library Company of Philadelphia", James N. Green, "English Books and Printing in the Age of Franklin", in, Harlow Giles Unger, "Thomas Paine and the Clarion Call for American Independence" (New York: Da Capo Press, 2019), p. 90. Benjamin Franklin was born in Boston, Mass., January 17, 1706, into a Puritan household. Benjamin Franklin Biography. He is sometimes referred to as the "First American". He was interred in Christ Church Burial Ground in Philadelphia. [264] This essay in praise of chess and prescribing a code of behavior for the game has been widely reprinted and translated. was also a philosopher, publisher, and scientist. [61] In 1752, Franklin organized the Philadelphia Contributionship, the Colonies' first homeowner's insurance company. He has also been known as "the First American". Along with the regular issue stamps Franklin however only appears on a few commemorative stamps. Trouvé à l'intérieur – Page 27A COLLECTION of the Familiar Letters and Miscellaneous Papers of Benjamin Franklin , now for the first time published [ By Jared Sparks ] . Boston : Charles Bowen , 1833 , 2 parts in 1 vol : xii and 295 pp . fine port . sewn . "1782: Original Design of the Great Seal of the United States". Benjamin Franklin is the founding father who winks at us, the one who seems made of flesh rather than marble. Later Franklin was named the primary American priest to France. Franklin's achievements are too varied to sum up easily. He was a man of letters, a publisher, a philosopher, a scientist, and the first major American inventor. business. For most of this period he served as an elected trustee; but from 1785-1788 while president of Pennsylvania’s Supreme Executive Council (the equivalent of governor), Franklin was an ex officio trustee. Lose no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut off all unnecessary actions. Without freedom of thought there can be no such thing as wisdom, and no such thing as public liberty without freedom of speech, which is the right of every man ... Franklin sought to cultivate his character by a plan of 13 virtues, which he developed at age 20 (in 1726) and continued to practice in some form for the rest of his life. His father wanted him to take over the family business when he grew up, but he wasn't interested. I see no harm, however, in its being believed, if that belief has the good consequence, as it probably has, of making his doctrines more respected and better observed; especially as I do not perceive that the Supreme takes it amiss, by distinguishing the unbelievers in his government of the world with any particular marks of his displeasure. [196] Franklin's father, a poor chandler, owned a copy of a book, Bonifacius: Essays to Do Good, by the Puritan preacher and family friend Cotton Mather, which Franklin often cited as a key influence on his life. 1706. [282] Many of Franklin's personal possessions are on display at the institute. "William Goddard and the Constitutional Post", "Franklin's Father Josiah: Life of a Colonial Boston Tallow Chandler, 1657–1745", "How Ben Franklin Invented the American Dream", "Vol. In 1747, Franklin (already a very wealthy man) retired from printing and went into other businesses. Four years later, it was anonymously printed in Boston, and it was quickly reproduced in Britain, where it influenced the economist Adam Smith and later the demographer Thomas Malthus, who credited Franklin for discovering a rule of population growth. Benjamin Franklin Biography Essay Example His mother, Abiah Franklin (Folger) was the daughter of Peter Folger, who was one of the first settlers of New England.When he was eight, young Benjamin started attending South Grammar School (Boston Latin) and showed early talent, moving from the middle to the top of the class within a year. His life and legacy of scientific and political achievement, and his status as one of America's most influential Founding Fathers, have seen Franklin honored more than two centuries after his death on the fifty-cent piece, the $100 bill, warships, and the names of many towns, counties, educational institutions, and corporations, as well as numerous cultural references and with a portrait in the Oval Office. The Gazette soon became Franklin's characteristic organ, which he freely used for satire, for the play of his wit, even for sheer excess of mischief or of fun. He worked with the London glassblower Charles James to create it, and instruments based on his mechanical version soon found their way to other parts of Europe. Franklin was said to have noted that the prevailing winds were actually from the northeast, contrary to what he had expected. to pride thyself in setting free a single Slave that happens to land on thy coasts, while thy Merchants in all thy ports are encouraged by thy laws to continue a commerce whereby so many hundreds of thousands are dragged into a slavery that can scarce be said to end with their lives, since it is entailed on their prosperity! Trouvé à l'intérieur – Page viTome premier Benjamin Franklin ... de nouveau traduite en anglais , a été publiée à Londres comme un écrit original du docteur Franklin . de pages Les métamorphoses de cet intéressant morceau de biographie vj PRÉFACE . [217] While he was living in London in 1774, he was present at the birth of British Unitarianism, attending the inaugural session of the Essex Street Chapel, at which Theophilus Lindsey drew together the first avowedly Unitarian congregation in England; this was somewhat politically risky and pushed religious tolerance to new boundaries, as a denial of the doctrine of the Trinity was illegal until the 1813 Act. Le Ray honored him with a commissioned portrait painted by Joseph Duplessis, which now hangs in the National Portrait Gallery of the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. After his return, Franklin became an abolitionist and freed his two slaves. [152] In recognition of his work with electricity, Franklin received the Royal Society's Copley Medal in 1753, and in 1756, he became one of the few 18th-century Americans elected as a fellow of the Society. It was started by Franklin in 1771 in England, has been written for many years, but has remained unfinished. Under the compromise, the number of representatives in the lower house of Congress . The Busy-Body himself is a true Censor Morum, as Isaac Bickerstaff had been in the Tatler. This biography begins when he worked in his printing business in Philadelphia. His character and thought were shaped by his religious upbringing, the philosophy of the . [241][242], At the time of the American founding, there were about half a million slaves in the United States, mostly in the five southernmost states, where they made up 40% of the population. postage. [235] Franklin took two slaves to England with him, Peter and King. He began observing population growth in the colonies during the 1730s, and he eventually determined that the colonial population was roughly doubling every 20 years. Franklin was an important statesman, signing . [130] In 1787, Franklin served as a delegate to the Philadelphia Convention. [citation needed] The Pennsylvania Assembly unanimously chose Franklin as their delegate to the Second Continental Congress. The calculated stresses and pleasures of life. He was also instrumental in the improvement of the lighting and paving of Philadelphia and in the organization of a police . Paper 2005 | ISBN 9780812219296 | $16.95t | Outside the Americas £12.99. A year later, at the age of 21, Franklin formed the Junto, also called the Leather Apron Club. [286] Franklin appeared on the first U.S. postage stamp issued in 1847. "[111], By the time Franklin arrived in Philadelphia on May 5, 1775, after his second mission to Great Britain, the American Revolution had begun—with skirmishes breaking out between colonials and British at Lexington and Concord. inventor, publisher, statesman Born: 1/17/1706 Birthplace: Boston, Mass. Mahanati Savitri Rare Photos Post Stamp Photo from in.pinterest.com. [20], While Franklin was in London, his trip was extended, and there were problems with the governor's promises of support. Our prayers, Sir, were heard, and they were graciously answered. [246] In addition, Franklin would have also been familiar with the moral arguments espoused by prominent vegetarian Quakers in colonial Pennsylvania, such as Benjamin Lay and John Woolman. Sletcher, Michael. In a letter to Richard Price, Franklin states that he believes religion should support itself without help from the government, claiming, "When a Religion is good, I conceive that it will support itself; and, when it cannot support itself, and God does not take care to support, so that its Professors are oblig'd to call for the help of the Civil Power, it is a sign, I apprehend, of its being a bad one."[227]. Franklin also served as the American ambassador to France. When Benjamin became aware of this gossip, he placed a notice in the Pennsylvania Gazette, stating: "I do hereby sincerely declare, that he was not inoculated, but receiv’d the Distemper in the common Way of Infection,” The child had a bad case of flux [diarrhea], and his parents had been waiting for him to get well before having him inoculated. [171] Franklin, in his capacity as a farmer, wrote at least one critique about the negative consequences of price controls, trade restrictions, and subsidy of the poor. "[194], Franklin's parents were both pious Puritans. He was the tenth sibling in the family. And I the underside. Franklin, however, later became an outspoken critic of slavery. Franklin sent them to America, where they escalated the tensions. However, some authors and historians would argue Benjamin Franklin was in fact a British spy. member could borrow a library book as needed. On August 10, 1753, Franklin was appointed deputy postmaster-general of British North America. [89], The study of natural philosophy (referred today as science in general) drew him into overlapping circles of acquaintance. This biography gives the important facts about his life and his role in the War for Independence. Benjamin Franklin Biography In Telugu. Benjamin Franklin: A Biography [165] Emphasizing that population growth depended on food supplies, Franklin emphasized the abundance of food and available farmland in America. [203], The motion met with resistance and was never brought to a vote. ", Mathews, L.K. The house is now operating as a museum known as the Benjamin Franklin House. Franklin had been a postmaster for decades and was a natural choice for the position. Franklin, Printer. We have been assured, Sir, in the sacred writings that "except the Lord build they labor in vain that build it." Later, he received honorary doctorates from Scotland's University of St. Andrews and England's Oxford University. [12], Josiah Franklin had a total of seventeen children with his two wives. He was 84 years old. March 4, 2020 February 14, 2020. Benjamin Franklin FRS FRSA FRSE (January 17, 1706 [O.S. In the beginning of the contest with G. Britain, when we were sensible of danger we had daily prayer in this room for the Divine Protection. Benjamin Franklin (January 17, 1706—April 17, 1790) was a scientist, an inventor, a writer, and a statesman. When his brother was jailed for three weeks in 1722 for publishing material unflattering to the governor, young Franklin took over the newspaper and had Mrs. Dogood (quoting Cato's Letters) proclaim: "Without freedom of thought there can be no such thing as wisdom and no such thing as public liberty without freedom of speech. Others prefer on biography benjamin franklin essay life the indentation method, where the data they record events help you succeed at the university word list challenges. Franklin's father put him in grammar school to become a minister, but soon took him out again because he could not afford it. Also, having served as postmaster for the city of Philadelphia during this era of his life, he became the deputy postmaster general for all the colonies in 1753. He was the tenth son of soap maker, Josiah Franklin. The first of the fragments describes his childhood and life before his marriage in 1730. "[169][170] Franklin was also a pioneer in the study of slave demography, as shown in his 1755 essay. [citation needed], Franklin established a common-law marriage with Read on September 1, 1730. After just a year in business, Franklin began publishing his own newspaper, The Pennsylvania Gazette. Trouvé à l'intérieur – Page 193BIOGRAPHIE . Benjamin Franklin , ( EXPLICATION DE L'ÉNIGME . ) « Du sein de la pauvreté et de l'obscurité dans lesquelles je suis né et dans lesquelles je passai mes premières années , je me suis élevé à un état d'opulence et à quelque ... four. He provisioned Braddock’s army and in 1756 was put in charge of the northwestern frontier of the province by the governor. In 1721, James founded The New-England Courant, the very first independent newspaper [26] Franklin printed Moravian religious books in German. The book preached the importance of forming voluntary associations to benefit society. Franklin published all of Whitefield's sermons and journals, thereby earning a lot of money and boosting the Great Awakening.[205]. [32], Franklin had mixed success in his plan to establish an inter-colonial network of newspapers that would produce a profit for him and disseminate virtue. Josiah Franklin was born at Ecton, Northamptonshire, England on December 23, 1657, the son of blacksmith and farmer Thomas Franklin and Jane White. The paper focuses on the role of Franklin in the development of political theory, especially his elaborate use of satire in advancing political activism. inventor, publisher, statesman Born: 1/17/1706 Birthplace: Boston, Mass. [57], In 1743, Franklin founded the American Philosophical Society to help scientific men discuss their discoveries and theories. He held an honorary position and seldom engaged in debate. A Quick Biography of. His parents were Josiah Franklin and Abiah Folger. [206][207], Franklin retained a lifelong commitment to the Puritan virtues and political values he had grown up with, and through his civic work and publishing, he succeeded in passing these values into the American culture permanently. Following a series of experiments on Franklin's own house, lightning rods were installed on the Academy of Philadelphia (later the University of Pennsylvania) and the Pennsylvania State House (later Independence Hall) in 1752. Benjamin Franklin (January 17, 1706 - April 17, 1790) was an American statesman and scientist.
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