Man, the 16th century must have been a crazy time. Often, this period is credited to be a time where Mannerism was at its finest. Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Another dynamic style of painting that originated in this era is the Baroque. Its purposes, they intoned, should be didactic, that is, it should serve to educate the unlettered masses in the truths of the church. 2 vols. The Counter Reformation made art play an inevitable role in divine worship. Apart from literature, one very good form of getting people's attention was the visual arts. As the expectation for this event grew, many of Rome's religious institutions and © 2019 Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/culture-magazines/counter-reformations-impact-art, "The Counter Reformation's Impact on Art Paleotti was never able to complete his theological work on painting and sculpture, but even in its incomplete form his treatise was to have a major impact in defining the religious art of the later sixteenth century. As the sixteenth century drew to a close, other artists came to study Borromeo's writings as well, and in this way, the circle of artistic innovators who were capable of expressing the new principles of Catholic reform broadened. The Spiritual Exercises of Saint Ignatius Loyola had very much shaped his own piety. Something of the sense of triumphal resurgence that was developing at Rome can be gleaned from the preparations that occurred in Rome to mark the Jubilee year 1600. . Look at this painting! This criticism turned into a large movement, and the Christian faith was split into two factions, i.e., Catholic and Protestant. Likewise, "Lutheran places of worship contai… The stylistic changes evident in the visual arts at the beginning of the Baroque period can in part be traced to historical developments that occurred in the wake of the Council of Trent (1545–1563), the church council that was to define the character of Roman Catholicism and its teachings until modern times. The plan was not adopted, and Paleotti died several years later. The aesthetic dictates of the Counter-Reformation evolved gradually with the emergence of Baroque art. In the years immediately following his death, though, some of Paleotti's prescriptions for a historically accurate and naturalistic art came to fruition in the works of artists at Rome. Voelker, "Borromeo's Influence on Sacred Art and Architecture," in San Carlo Borromeo: Catholic Reform and Ecclesiastical Politics in the Second Half of the Sixteenth Century. While the Protestant Reformation brought about the destruction of religious imagery, the Counter-Reformation sought to use religious imagery to propagate the Catholic Church. Counter-Reformation At the beginning of the 16 th Century, the Protestant Reformation began. A vast number of churches were erected, many following the prescriptions of St. Charles Borromeo, one of the guiding forces of the Council of Trent who, in 1577, wrote a treatise on the building of these structures. Among these were the Dome of St. Peter's, the Jesuit's Church of Il Gesù, major renovations to the Church of St. John Lateran, as well as a number of public monuments and squares. church officials came to commission a number of religious works from painters and sculptors. The Counter-Reformation was a period of spiritual, moral, and intellectual revival in the Catholic Church in the 16th and 17th centuries, usually dated from 1545 (the opening of the Council of Trent) to 1648 (the end of the Thirty Years' War ). Lecture 10 REFORMATION AND REACTION AESTHETIC EXPERIENCE AND IDEAS 2. At the Council of Trent, the archbishop had been one of the leaders who reshaped Catholicism and harnessed the arts in the service of the Counter-Reformation. Encyclopedia.com. At the same time, a new fashion for propagandistic works became evident, as leaders of the Catholic Reformation came to commission works that celebrated the triumph of the church in a grand and monumental fashion. During the Jubilee more than three million pilgrims visited the city to admire the many monuments that Clement and his immediate successors had built in preceding years. Okay, maybe some context is in order. He worked as an architect, decorat…, PATRIARCHATE When the Protestant Reformation broke out in Western Europe, the Catholic Church got the message, at least a little bit. Shop for counter-reformation art from the world's greatest living artists. B. Tomaro (Washington, D.C.: Folger Shakespeare Library, 1988). He was raised to the rank of a cardinal in 1565 and a year later was made bishop of Bologna. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Look at it! Born in Bologna, Paleotti received a doctorate in canon law by the time he was 23, and eventually made his way to Rome, where he rose to become the judge of the Sacra Rota, a key court of appeals within the Vatican government. This council functioned from 1545 to 1563, and councilmen met periodically. The Holy Roman Catholic church and the Inquisition took measures to prevent and reverse the prevalent themes of paintings. 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